健康心脏非洲
什么是非洲心脏健康方案?
2014年推出, our 健康心脏非洲 (HHA) programme is committed to tackling hypertension and the increasing burden of cardiovascular disease, with the ambition to reach 10 million people with elevated blood pressure across Africa by 2025.
HHA通过以下方式支持地方卫生系统:
- 提高对高血压症状和风险的认识
- 培训提供者并将护理推向医疗保健系统的较低层次
- 酌情提供健康教育、筛查和低成本治疗和控制
健康心脏非洲 is central to our commitment to sustainability and improving access to healthcare, 因为澳门第一赌城在线娱乐把病人放在第一位，无论是现在还是将来.
健康心脏非洲
自2014年在肯尼亚推出以来, 2016年埃塞俄比亚, 2018年坦桑尼亚, 2019年的加纳, 2020年乌干达和Côte科特迪瓦, 塞内加尔和卢旺达, 2022年在尼日利亚和桑给巴尔. HHA已经:
- 进行了 在38.500万年 在社区和卫生保健机构进行血压检查1
- 训练有素的 超过10600 卫生保健工作者, 包括医生, 护士, 社区卫生志愿者和药剂师提供教育和认识, 高血压筛查和治疗服务1
- 激活 超过1300 在非洲的保健设施提供高血压服务, 并且方便获取成本低, 优质品牌降压药1，如适用
There were approximately 130 million adults with high blood pressure in sub-Saharan Africa in 2010 and this figure is expected to rise to 216.到2030年达到800万.2
健康心脏非洲的公私伙伴关系模式
The nature of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and their risk factors call for multi-sector involvement in prevention and control measures. We therefore work with local stakeholders to align on our shared objectives and develop interventions that are optimised to address local challenges on a sustainable basis, 同时利用澳门第一赌城在线娱乐在卫生规划方面的经验.3 这不仅增强了地方所有权, 但它也使该方案的活动具有可持续性.
We have learned that our approach to fighting hypertension works best when integrated into existing health platforms. 澳门第一赌城在线娱乐与公众的伙伴关系, 私人和基于信仰的设施, 在澳门第一赌城在线娱乐的全球和本地知识和专业知识的支持下, are now helping to integrate blood pressure screening and hypertension 治疗 into routine care in the countries where we operate.
另外, our demonstration phase proved the potential of using hypertension as a new entry point for 治疗 of other disease areas, 包括艾滋病毒/艾滋病.
通过澳门第一赌城在线娱乐的伙伴关系, 澳门第一赌城在线娱乐建立合作机制，通过, 例如, 联合协调, 规划和商定一套监测和评价的核心指标.4
在肯尼亚的健康心脏非洲
HHA在肯尼亚启动 in October 2014 in collaboration with the Ministry of Health (MOH) and in support of its commitment to combat NCDs in line with the Kenya National Strategy for the Prevention and Control of Non-Communicable Diseases, 2015-20205. The initiative began with an 18-month demonstration phase to understand how to integrate hypertension services into the existing healthcare service infrastructure.
鉴于HHA的新颖性, and the reality that there was a lack of evidence of successful implementation of NCD interventions within the primary care setting in African countries,6 澳门在线赌城娱乐启动了5个不同的示范项目. 通过与一系列合作伙伴的合作， HHA在一个相对分散的医疗保健系统中测试了不同的模型7 确定什么是有效的，付出了什么代价, 为今后在肯尼亚和整个地区更广泛地扩大规模提供信息.
自启动, 澳门第一赌城在线娱乐继续完善这个模型, applying resources where they have most impact and identifying learnings that we have built into our ongoing operation of the programme in Kenya and beyond. 肯尼亚天主教主教会议(KCCB)是HHA的执行伙伴.
健康心脏非洲和总统防治艾滋病紧急救援计划
2016年9月，美国宣布.S. President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) and 澳门在线赌城娱乐 embarked on an innovative global public-private partnership to tackle the burden of HIV and hypertension primarily among men in Africa. The partnership uses hypertension as a stigma-free entry point to find and reach those 谁 need HIV services by 将高血压服务纳入现有的艾滋病毒平台. It is expanding access to HIV/AIDS and hypertension services by offering them in an integrated manner at existing PEPFAR-supported HIV/AIDS sites, 从肯尼亚开始.8
At the foundation of the partnership is a shared commitment to reaching those outside of the traditional entry points to care, 尤其是男性. 这项合作旨在利用总统防治艾滋病紧急救援计划庞大的病人覆盖面, 以及HHA接触到难以接触到的人群, 给有需要的人带来更好的照顾.8
HHA has identified new strategies for bringing hard-to-reach populations into hypertension care, including men from 25 – 50 years of age 谁 are also a difficult population to engage for HIV care,8,9 and HHA’s model presents a natural opportunity for partnership with PEPFAR to improve HIV care in the same population.
最初的试点项目在霍马贝县和基苏木县进行8, 最近的总统防治艾滋病紧急救援计划合作项目在邦戈马县实施, 西方的学术模式提供医疗保健(AMPATH)肯尼亚. As the Government of Kenya is also a key partner for both 澳门在线赌城娱乐 and PEPFAR through existing initiatives, we worked closely together to contribute to both the HIV and NCD programming priorities of the country.8
埃塞俄比亚的“健康心脏非洲”
在肯尼亚HHA项目取得成功之后, 澳门在线赌城娱乐 developed a partnership with the Federal Ministry of Health in Ethiopia in February 2016 to integrate HHA programming into the Ethiopian healthcare system in support of the Government of Ethiopia’s National Strategic Action Plan for Non-Communicable Diseases10. The HHA partnership in Ethiopia is designed to provide the same elements that have been successful in Kenya while ensuring their appropriate adaptation to meet the needs of the Ethiopian healthcare system by utilising the Government’s extensive Health Extension Programme to bring care closer to the community.
埃塞俄比亚-卫生保健协会伙伴关系的目标是解决日益严重的高血压负担, through decentralising and scaling up high-quality hypertension care and 治疗 in health facilities across Ethiopia. 埃塞俄比亚的国际人口服务组织是卫生保健方案的执行伙伴.
坦桑尼亚的健康心脏非洲
2018年6月, 澳门在线赌城娱乐公布了与卫生社区发展部的伙伴关系, 性别, Elderly and Children and the 联系的基础 to spearhead implementation of the HHA programme in Tanzania, in support of the Government of Tanzania's Strategic Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Non-Communicable Diseases.
2018年至2021年期间，坦桑尼亚的“健康心脏非洲”方案:
- 对437名医护人员进行高血压管理培训，并进行筛查11 931名高血压医护人员
- 筛查了76000多名孕妇和产后妇女的高血压
- 确诊和/或转诊治疗的高血压妇女1,631人
澳门在线赌城娱乐与坦桑尼亚卫生部的伙伴关系仍在继续, 与适宜卫生技术方案合作开展非洲心脏健康方案第二阶段工作, 促进国内预防和控制心血管疾病的努力, 通过关注高血压.
2022年10月, 澳门在线赌城娱乐将HHA项目扩展到桑给巴尔, 与桑给巴尔卫生部合作. 桑给巴尔健康改善项目是执行伙伴.
加纳的健康心脏非洲
2019年7月, 澳门在线赌城娱乐与加纳卫生局合作，将卫生保健方案扩大到加纳. The partnership seeks to contribute to the prevention and control of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in Ghana with emphasis on hypertension. 尽管高血压在加纳是一个日益严重的问题, 了解患病率, 意识, 国家一级的治疗和控制是有限的12. 加纳适宜卫生技术方案是卫生保健计划的执行伙伴.
乌干达的健康心脏非洲
In May 2020, Uganda became the fifth African country to participate in 澳门在线赌城娱乐’s HHA programme. In collaboration with the Ugandan Ministry of Health (MoH) and the 乌干达新教医疗局 (UPMB), the partnership aims to strengthen the provision of services for managing and preventing hypertension, 利用卫生部的指导方针使护理标准化，并通过培训提高卫生工作者的技能. It will also work to increase education and 意识 of high blood pressure and lifestyle risk factors for CVD. 乌干达在未确诊和不受控制的血压方面负担沉重, with the prevalence of hypertension and pre-hypertension estimated to affect 24% and 37% of the population, 分别.13,14 The programme in Uganda also screens for and works to increase education of respiratory conditions, 例如慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)和哮喘, 这是低收入和中等收入国家的重大负担.15
在Côte科特迪瓦的健康心脏非洲
2021年3月, HHA’s footprint in West Africa expanded with agreement to launch the programme in Côte d'Ivoire in partnership with the Ministry of Health and Public Hygiene. 该方案将纳入现有的保健平台, working alongside the Ministry of Health and Public Hygiene to make a sustainable contribution to the fight against hypertension. 它将支持早期发现的努力, 预防和控制高血压Côte科特迪瓦. 根据世界卫生组织(谁) 2016年国家报告, 在Côte科特迪瓦，非传染性疾病(NCDs)占死亡人数的37%. 报告还显示，心血管疾病的患病率为15%.16
Implementing partners are the Africa Christian Health Associations Platform (ACHAP) and Christian Initiatives for Human Promotion (ICHP).
塞内加尔的健康心脏非洲
2021年6月, 澳门在线赌城娱乐 and the Ministry of Health and Social Action signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to launch HHA in Senegal. The aim of the programme is to contribute to the prevention and control of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in the country with a focus on hypertension. 该方案正在塞内加尔由适宜卫生技术方案执行, where it is estimated that nearly 30% of the population has hypertension although mostly untreated, 控制率只有8%. 23 此外，世界卫生组织. (谁) estimates that 42% of all deaths in Senegal are caused by non-communicable diseases (NCDs).24
在卢旺达的非洲健康心脏
达成协议，于2021年在卢旺达启动“健康心脏非洲”, 与卫生部和卢旺达生物医学中心于2022年正式启动.这一伙伴关系符合该国非传染性疾病国家战略的原则25, 鼓励社区行动和多部门合作, with a focus on saving the future costs of treating advanced disease and reducing NCD-related premature mortality by 25% by 2025. 卢旺达的执行伙伴是适宜卫生技术方案.
尼日利亚的健康心脏非洲
2022年8月, 澳门在线赌城娱乐, 尼日利亚联邦政府, and the National Primary Health Care Development Agency (NPHCDA) marked the launch of the 健康心脏非洲 (HHA) programme to support the prevention and control of hypertension. In 2018, researchers conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and their risk factors in the absence of a nationally representative survey. 根据这项研究，31.2%的尼日利亚人患有高血压.26 Other studies reveal that more than half of people with the disease in Nigeria are unaware they have it.27
该方案由国际人口服务组织在尼日利亚执行.
通过赠款国家方案2023-2024扩大HHA
In 2023, the programme expanded to 10 new HHA Grant Countries in partnership with ACHAP and PATH. These partners will implement and manage the programme expansion to five countries each over two years, 有针对性的干预高血压护理和管理. 计划中的扩建将在布基纳法索, 中非共和国, 冈比亚, 马达加斯加, 马拉维, 摩洛哥, 莫桑比克, 塞拉利昂, 赞比亚, 和津巴布韦.
澳门第一赌城在线娱乐的执行伙伴
高血压-事实
高血压, 也被称为高血压, 是一种严重的疾病，可以导致其他并发症，如心脏病发作, 中风和心力衰竭. 它是全世界过早死亡的一个主要原因22 也是解决非洲各地日益严重的非传染性疾病负担的切入点.17
- 高血压与心血管疾病(CVD)风险增加有关。.18
- In 2015, an estimated 37% of 17 million premature deaths (under the age of 70) were due to CVDs.19
- By 2025,150 million adults are expected to be living with high blood pressure in Sub-Saharan Africa.2
- 预计到2030年，非传染性疾病将成为非洲最常见的死亡原因, 超过传染病造成的死亡负担, 营养疾病和孕产妇及围产期死亡.20
- 目前，在非洲，一个30-70岁的人有20.7% chance of dying from one of the major NCDs (chronic lung disease, CVD, diabetes and cancer).21
参考文献
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4. The World Bank The Challenge of NCDs and Road Traffic Injuries in SSA an Overview Available at: http://ncdalliance.org/sites/default/files/The%20Challenge%20of%20Non-Communicable%20Diseases%20and%20Road%20Traffic%20Injuries%20in%20Sub-Saharan%20Africa%20-%20AN%20OVERVIEW.pdf最后访问日期2023年2月
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6. F. Temu等人. Integration of non-communicable diseases in health care: tackling the double burden of disease in African settings Pan Afr Med J_ 2014; 18:202 可在:http://www.ncbi.nlm.美国国立卫生研究院.政府 / pmc /文章/ PMC4237574 / pdf / pamj - 18 - 202.pdf最后访问日期2023年2月
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8. 澳门在线赌城娱乐 PEPFAR and 澳门在线赌城娱乐 launch partnership across HIV and hypertension services in Africa. 2016年9月8日. 可在:http://www.AstraZeneca.com/media-centre/press-releases/2016/pepfar-and-澳门在线赌城娱乐-launch-partnership-across-hiv-and-hypertension-services-in-africa-080920161.最后访问日期:2023年2月
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10. International Cancer Control Partnership Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, Ministry of Health. 国家预防战略计划 & 埃塞俄比亚控制非传染性疾病. 可在http://e-library下载.卫生部.政府.et /图书馆/ wp-content /上传/ 2021/07 / final-NSAP.pdf最后访问日期2023年2月
11. 联系的基础. 坦桑尼亚的健康心脏非洲. http://touchfoundation.坦桑尼亚非洲心脏健康三周年最后访问日期2023年2月
12. Sanuade OA. Boatemaa年代, Kushitor MK(2018)高血压患病率, 意识, 治疗 and control in Ghanaian population Evidence from the Ghana demographic and health survey. http://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.美国国立卫生研究院.政府/30403686/最后访问2023年2月
13. 谁. 乌干达逐步报告可在:http://www.谁.int/小组/非传染性疾病/监测/数据/乌干达最后访问日期2023年2月
14. 《澳门第一赌城在线娱乐》, 来自全国非传染性疾病风险因素调查的结果. 可在:http://journals.公共科学图书馆.org/公共科学图书馆one/article?id=10.1371 /杂志.玉米饼.0138991最后访问2023年2月
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16. 世界卫生组织. 科特迪瓦. 可在:http://www.非洲式发型.谁.int/fr/ nations /cote-divoire上次访问是2023年2月
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21. 世界卫生组织. 世卫组织非洲区域的健康状况. 可在:http://www.非洲式发型.谁.int /网站/违约/文件/ 2018 - 08年/ % 20 % 20的健康状况% 20 % 20 % 20的非洲% 20地区.pdf最后访问日期2023年2月
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23. 疾病控制中心，塞内加尔如何追踪无声杀手. 可在:http://www.疾病预防控制中心.政府 / globalhealth healthprotection / fieldupdates /秋天- 2018 / senegal-track-hypertension.最后访问2023年2月
24. 谁. 可在:http://www.谁.int/publications/m/item/noncommunicable-diseases-sen-country-profile-2018 Last accessed February 2023
25. 卢旺达卫生部. National Strategy and Costed Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Non-Communicable Diseases in Rwanda. http://卫生部.刺激.risa.rw /索引.php?开斋节= dumpFile&t=f&f=26357&token=8caa516ee82d42d1d0a48567f943d4a893342ee6最后访问2023年2月
26. 非洲人. 尼日利亚与世卫组织合作遏制高血压，采取控制行动. 可从http://www上读取。.非洲式发型.谁.int/news/nigeria-collaborates-谁-curb-hypertension-introduces-control-initiative Last accessed February 2023
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Veeva ID: Z4-57049
筹备日期:2023年8月